View Full Version : ¿Qué? (LGPA to require players to speak english)
hc5duke
08-27-2008, 03:40 PM
LPGA to mandate Koreans and others speak English (http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5iGNYoBizNxueQJ6sUx6z0gTh2jvw)
The LPGA Tour is going to force its burgeoning South Korean contingent of players to learn to speak English or risk losing their playing privileges.
Starting next year, the Tour announced that players who have been on the tour for two years must pass a oral English test or face suspension.
I understand there are a lot of Korean players in the tourney, but what gives? I can't think of a single reason how this would improve the sport...
I thought about posting this in PPB but I figured this is more of wacky/dumb sports news than a public policy topic.
allenmurray
08-27-2008, 03:49 PM
In other news, Yao Ming will be assessed a technical if he uses a single word of Chinese, David Ortiz will be forced to stuff his mouth with sunflower seeds to assure that no one can tell what langague he is actully speaking, and Lou Dobbs will become the new commissioner of the NBA>
pfrduke
08-27-2008, 03:53 PM
this is more of wacky/dumb sports news than a public policy topic.
Definitely both of those. I'd like to think this is terrible for the LPGA's public image (it's certainly a big negative to the LPGA in my eyes) but unfortunately, I'm not sure that would be a true statement.
DevilBen02
08-27-2008, 04:14 PM
I understand that some see this requirement as discriminatory against foreigners, I also understand the LPGA's motivation for this move as being a way to become more marketable in the English-speaking markets. Maybe it's becoming apparent to the LPGA that the skill of their golfers alone isn't going to sell tickets or ad sales. To increase popularity, their stars need to be more visible and appealing to the viewers. It's hard to promote their appeal if they don't speak the same language as the viewing public. Maybe not a perfect analogy, but it's like an advertising firm having employees that can create great ads but can't communicate effectively with the clients.
And comparing this move to what might be similar in the NBA or MLB isn't fair, because those leagues have an easier time selling the sport itself. In addition, the stars are marketable (LeBron, Jordan, Jeter, etc.) For instance, I could see the popularity of major league baseball declining if the trend of spanish-speaking players in the league continues to grow enough that none of the major stars spoke English well.
pfrduke
08-27-2008, 05:54 PM
And comparing this move to what might be similar in the NBA or MLB isn't fair, because those leagues have an easier time selling the sport itself. In addition, the stars are marketable (LeBron, Jordan, Jeter, etc.) For instance, I could see the popularity of major league baseball declining if the trend of spanish-speaking players in the league continues to grow enough that none of the major stars spoke English well.
Some of the most popular figures in baseball's recent history, on both a national and local level, don't speak English well - Sammy Sosa, David Ortiz, Vladimir Guerrero (easily the most popular Angel among Angels fans, and I'm pretty sure he still speaks exclusively through an interpreter), etc.
Channing
08-27-2008, 06:21 PM
I am not saying I agree with it, but I understand it. The LPGA is not marketing itself - it isnt like baseball or football where people are going to watch and sponsors are going to come out no matter what.
A big revenue raiser for the LPGA tour are their sponsors. A benefit a lot of sponsors get is playing in pro ams with the player's on the Monday before a tournament. Apparently (and this is all heresay), the players who speak no English are not communicating with the sponsor's at all, making the pro-am round fairly useless in the eyes of those dishing out the bucks.
So - if the LPGA sees that they are losing sponsorship money because sponsor's arent happy with the return on their investment, the player's should be jumping at opportunities to learn English. Once the sponsor's go, down come the paychecks.
As an aside, I was trying to figure out if there is any legal recourse here. On one hand, this isn't government action as the LPGA is a private organization. On the other hand, I assume the LPGA has tax exempt status, meaning they can't discriminate as per the IRS.
Dr. Rosenrosen
08-27-2008, 06:26 PM
For instance, I could see the popularity of major league baseball declining if the trend of spanish-speaking players in the league continues to grow enough that none of the major stars spoke English well.
I know baseball is immensely more popular than the LPGA but Cubs fans have adopted Kosuke Fukudome like no other foreign athlete. He regularly speaks to the media thru an interpreter. If you see them play, notice how many fans are wearing headbands laden with japanese lettering, etc., to show their love for Fukudome.
I think it's pure stupidity for the LPGA to create an artificial barrier for the world's best players. Real golf fans want to see the best golf possible and could probably care less what language the player speaks. Just another reason for people around the world to label the U.S. as arrogant... and rightfully so.
hc5duke
08-27-2008, 06:58 PM
I know baseball is immensely more popular than the LPGA but Cubs fans have adopted Kosuke Fukudome like no other foreign athlete. He regularly speaks to the media thru an interpreter. If you see them play, notice how many fans are wearing headbands laden with japanese lettering, etc., to show their love for Fukudome.
To be honest I think the Cubs fans way of "welcoming" Fukudome is bordering on racism, and at best ignorance. Rice hats are plain stupid, and I can't imagine how anybody thought this was a good idea:
http://oddculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/04/horrykow.jpg
http://www.angryasianman.com/images/angry/cubssox_cartoon.jpg
Channing
08-27-2008, 07:15 PM
I know baseball is immensely more popular than the LPGA but Cubs fans have adopted Kosuke Fukudome like no other foreign athlete. He regularly speaks to the media thru an interpreter. If you see them play, notice how many fans are wearing headbands laden with japanese lettering, etc., to show their love for Fukudome.
I think it's pure stupidity for the LPGA to create an artificial barrier for the world's best players. Real golf fans want to see the best golf possible and could probably care less what language the player speaks. Just another reason for people around the world to label the U.S. as arrogant... and rightfully so.
I dont think the LPGA will be able to pay the purses their players have come to expect solely on the dollars of "true golf fans." It has nothing to do with the tournaments themselves, and everything to do with the sponsors and retaining sponsorship dollars (and seeking out new sponsorship dollars).
Dr. Rosenrosen
08-27-2008, 07:25 PM
To be honest I think the Cubs fans way of "welcoming" Fukudome is bordering on racism, and at best ignorance. Rice hats are plain stupid, and I can't imagine how anybody thought this was a good idea:
http://oddculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/04/horrykow.jpg
http://www.angryasianman.com/images/angry/cubssox_cartoon.jpg
I wasn't referring to the morons that came up with that shirt or who wear the rice hats. That's just plain ridiculous. But the headband is actually representative of a warrior - a fitting tribute I think.
Anyway, point is that as a country we should be able to embrace foreign athletes without forcing them to speak our language. And frankly, if I think about it, I'm pretty embarrassed sometimes by the incredibly poor speaking ability of many famous U.S. athletes. But no one is forcing them into grammar and public speaking classes.
Mudge
08-27-2008, 07:49 PM
I know baseball is immensely more popular than the LPGA but Cubs fans have adopted Kosuke Fukudome like no other foreign athlete. He regularly speaks to the media thru an interpreter. If you see them play, notice how many fans are wearing headbands laden with japanese lettering, etc., to show their love for Fukudome.
I think it's pure stupidity for the LPGA to create an artificial barrier for the world's best players. Real golf fans want to see the best golf possible and could probably care less what language the player speaks. Just another reason for people around the world to label the U.S. as arrogant... and rightfully so.
Yes, American sports fans "COULD CARE LESS" [sic] than they already do about a two-bit sports league like the LPGA-- most American sports fans already ignore the LPGA, but even more may choose to do so, if it becomes filled with foreign players who haven't even bothered to learn how to speak to the people signing their paychecks. If you don't think it matters whether the fans can identify with the players, look at the difference in ratings popularity of the NBA vs. college basketball (and the huge difference in the broadcast rights fees paid by CBS for college basketball vs. what ABC pays for the NBA's broadcast rights)... fans can still somewhat identify with college players, but not many do with NBA players-- as a result, you regularly find people who are only fans of the college game, despite the obvious difference in the skill level of the players.
Right now something like 45 of the 126 foreign players on the LPGA are Korean-- if they all didn't speak English, that'd be a big chunk of LPGA players not able to converse with fans and sponsors. The one Korean player I saw quoted on this readily agreed with the new rule, saying that it was important to be able to communicate with fans and sponsors on what is essentially an American tour. Get off your high horse and get realistic about how the entertainment world works.
One anecdotal instance of American fans flocking to follow a non-English speaking player does not prove a case-- Yao Ming is also very popular, despite not speaking much English when he came over. However, if half of the NBA was Chinese players who didn't speak English, fan interest would decline well below its current low level. Americans were never much interested in watching a team of foreign soccer players play in the NASL, either. Canadians have been grudging in their acceptance of Europeans in the NHL-- if they don't identify with the players, they aren't going to be rabid supporters.
Mudge
08-27-2008, 07:58 PM
I am not saying I agree with it, but I understand it. The LPGA is not marketing itself - it isnt like baseball or football where people are going to watch and sponsors are going to come out no matter what.
As an aside, I was trying to figure out if there is any legal recourse here. On one hand, this isn't government action as the LPGA is a private organization. On the other hand, I assume the LPGA has tax exempt status, meaning they can't discriminate as per the IRS.
The idea that there would be legal recourse on this issue should be (I'm not a lawyer) as ridiculous as the idea that the guy with a disability that made walking difficult should be able to ride a golf cart on the PGA tour-- but then, Casey whatzisname won his court case, so there you go.
I'm not as fast as Usain Bolt, so I ought to be able to use a methanol-powered golfcart to race him in the Olympics, and I'm not as tall as Yao Ming, so I ought to be able to use broomsticks to poke rebounds away from him and to block his shot. I want to be an advertising copywriter for one of the big NYC firms, but I only can communicate in Mandarin (or Navajo or Swahili or whatever)-- well, somebody should translate for me. If you don't like the rules of employment (i.e.- you have to be able to communicate clearly with your employers and your co-workers), then don't work there, pal... and why do you think the LPGA has tax-exempt status, anyway?
Dr. Rosenrosen
08-27-2008, 11:33 PM
I dont think the LPGA will be able to pay the purses their players have come to expect solely on the dollars of "true golf fans." It has nothing to do with the tournaments themselves, and everything to do with the sponsors and retaining sponsorship dollars (and seeking out new sponsorship dollars).
It's no secret the LPGA isn't among the most popular of spectator sports. Thus, I would guess that people who go to LPGA tournaments and watch them on tv are among the truest of golf fans.
billybreen
08-27-2008, 11:37 PM
To be honest I think the Cubs fans way of "welcoming" Fukudome is bordering on racism, and at best ignorance. Rice hats are plain stupid, and I can't imagine how anybody thought this was a good idea:
http://oddculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/04/horrykow.jpg
Wait a second. Are you telling me that's something real? And not like a joke that Asian people created to make fun of how stupid non-Asian people could be when welcoming an Asian baseball player to their team.
Dr. Rosenrosen
08-28-2008, 12:59 AM
Yes, American sports fans "COULD CARE LESS" [sic] than they already do about a two-bit sports league like the LPGA-- most American sports fans already ignore the LPGA, but even more may choose to do so, if it becomes filled with foreign players who haven't even bothered to learn how to speak to the people signing their paychecks. If you don't think it matters whether the fans can identify with the players, look at the difference in ratings popularity of the NBA vs. college basketball (and the huge difference in the broadcast rights fees paid by CBS for college basketball vs. what ABC pays for the NBA's broadcast rights)... fans can still somewhat identify with college players, but not many do with NBA players-- as a result, you regularly find people who are only fans of the college game, despite the obvious difference in the skill level of the players.
I hate to get off subject but I didn't say that it doesn't matter if fans can identify with players. And in reality people don't like the NBA b/c it's a poor quality product... one-on-one, pick-up style games with no defense.
Right now something like 45 of the 126 foreign players on the LPGA are Korean-- if they all didn't speak English, that'd be a big chunk of LPGA players not able to converse with fans and sponsors. The one Korean player I saw quoted on this readily agreed with the new rule, saying that it was important to be able to communicate with fans and sponsors on what is essentially an American tour. Get off your high horse and get realistic about how the entertainment world works.
I was offering an opinion which is what we do in a discussion. And if we want to get realistic about the LPGA as an entertainment venture, it's been struggling and losing sponsors for years despite having some of the game's all-time greatest players leading the charge (who incidentally speak english quite well). My point was that arbitrarily and publicly slapping down a rule like this makes little sense. Why not quietly work on the issue with the newer players that need help and in the meantime get some translators out there to facilitate discussions on and off the course. But don't issue a public ultimatum and threaten suspensions and think that it's going to fix the marketability of the LPGA and its players.
One anecdotal instance of American fans flocking to follow a non-English speaking player does not prove a case-- Yao Ming is also very popular, despite not speaking much English when he came over. However, if half of the NBA was Chinese players who didn't speak English, fan interest would decline well below its current low level. Americans were never much interested in watching a team of foreign soccer players play in the NASL, either. Canadians have been grudging in their acceptance of Europeans in the NHL-- if they don't identify with the players, they aren't going to be rabid supporters.
I was giving an example, not trying to prove a case. But thank you for giving another one.
SupaDave
08-28-2008, 04:51 PM
Based on the numbers I've glanced at it looks like they should be teaching everyone to speak Korean!! LOL! I guess the country is not big enough...
And if it's popularity they want, they'll need the following for me to become a fan...
-A reality show with Tiger Woods personally taking a 12 year old Korean female under his wing and teaching her not only English but also fist pumps, proper celebrations, and a medusa look designed to instill fear in her teammates.
-Cheerleaders or a dance squad of two-three females per hole would boost viewership by at least a million people. ("Annika at the tee. Good hit!", "Gimmie an 'A'!")
-A Michelle Wie calendar.
-No more complaining about Michelle Wie!
-Style. Seriously. Do ANY of those women have ANY finesse? I mean tennis was smart enough to promote Kournakova and they do that sort of thing routinely. Why do females golfers have to be so uptight?
-How about some females that smile while you're at it...
-Where's the FUN? It just seems too dang-on serious for me. The men have all kinds of tourneys that are designed to showcase OTHER abilities.
-Any mother-daughter or mother-son tourneys out there?
I'm just saying. I don't do marketing but I get it. (for those of you hating on the NBA just remember that they are still successful enough to be able to offer millions of dollars to THIRD rate players...)
billybreen
08-28-2008, 04:56 PM
-Style. Seriously. Do ANY of those women have ANY finesse? I mean tennis was smart enough to promote Kournakova and they do that sort of thing routinely. Why do females golfers have to be so uptight?
Umm, dude. You are clearly not familiar with the work of one Natalie Gulbis.
Indoor66
08-28-2008, 05:00 PM
Umm, dude. You are clearly not familiar with the work of one Natalie Gulbis.
Or before her, Laura Baugh and Jan Stephenson.
SupaDave
08-28-2008, 05:04 PM
Umm, dude. You are clearly not familiar with the work of one Natalie Gulbis.
Aw chihuaha!!! And yes - I blame this on the LPGA's marketing schemes...
http://www.worldgolf.com/features/new-golf-calendars-2006-1540.htm
http://www.nataliegulbis.com/
She's pretty dope. She wears shorts and listens to Jay-Z.
Yeah Annika's winning but she has the personality of cardboard. This girl needs some TV time and a video game cover...
billybreen
08-28-2008, 05:09 PM
Or before her, Laura Baugh and Jan Stephenson.
My dad played a pro-am round with Gulbis a few months ago. He got into the pro-am because he convinced Jan Stephenson to play in the tournament. He met Stephenson while following Rod Pampling at the TPC (my dad and Pampling have played together at the pro-am of the Heritage the last few years).
In short, my dad is the most shameless PGA groupie ever, but it did get him a pro-am round with Natalie.
hc5duke
08-28-2008, 05:14 PM
-A Michelle Wie calendar.
why don't you have a seat over there...
http://www.dukebasketballreport.com/forums/picture.php?pictureid=160&albumid=6&dl=1219954425&thumb=1
SupaDave
08-28-2008, 05:16 PM
In short, my dad is the most shameless PGA groupie ever, but it did get him a pro-am round with Natalie.
You mean LPGA right? LOL!
I hereby propose that ALL LPGA players only speak Latavian when playing rounds with Natalie!!
SupaDave
08-28-2008, 05:16 PM
why don't you have a seat over there...
http://www.dukebasketballreport.com/forums/picture.php?pictureid=160&albumid=6&dl=1219954425&thumb=1
Natalie's got one! :)
billybreen
08-28-2008, 05:32 PM
why don't you have a seat over there...
http://www.dukebasketballreport.com/forums/picture.php?pictureid=160&albumid=6&dl=1219954425&thumb=1
Well played, sir. But where were you with that when someone wanted to marry Shawn Johnson a few weeks back?
SupaDave
08-28-2008, 05:36 PM
Well played, sir. But where were you with that when someone wanted to marry Shawn Johnson a few weeks back?
Wie is 18! LOL! Shawn Johnson she is NOT!
hc5duke
08-28-2008, 05:39 PM
Well played, sir. But where were you with that when someone wanted to marry Shawn Johnson a few weeks back?
Ooh, I didn't realize Wie had turned 18. I'd like to retract my Chris Hansen. As for Shawn Johnson, she's 20 according to her Chinese passport.
SupaDave
08-28-2008, 05:43 PM
Ooh, I didn't realize Wie had turned 18. I'd like to retract my Chris Hansen. As for Shawn Johnson, she's 20 according to her Chinese passport.
And on her way to 19 in just a few months. Not to put too much of her personal business out there but she's also a college student (something Playboy has NEVER had a problem exploiting) and dating a recently drafted Lopez twin.
She's definitely a big girl... Probably more mature than the average 30 year old.
billybreen
08-28-2008, 05:44 PM
Ooh, I didn't realize Wie had turned 18. I'd like to retract my Chris Hansen. As for Shawn Johnson, she's 20 according to her Chinese passport.
Dude, you're hitting it out of the park today. I'd like to subscribe to your newsletter.
hc5duke
08-28-2008, 05:46 PM
Dude, you're hitting it out of the park today. I'd like to subscribe to your newsletter.
thanks... sure beats working :o
DukieInKansas
08-28-2008, 06:12 PM
A few points:
1. Per the IRS Charity listing, the LPGA is not a not-for-profit entity. The LPGA Foundation is one.
2. I believe the LPGA is also making tutors and ESL classes available for the non-English speaking golfers. It isn't like they are saying you have to speak English tomorrow or you're out of the LPGA.
3. I believe the ability to interact with sponsors is the driving force behind this issue.
Off-topic: I have never been a Kobe fan, but his participation in the Olympics has changed that for me. I learned that he speaks 5 languages, he was supportive of other American athletes, and he was excited about playing for the USA and winning the gold. (The last two are true of the other players also - I just don't know about their language skills.) This is an example of how player interaction with fans/sponsors/media can make a difference in attitudes.
Channing
08-29-2008, 11:01 AM
It's no secret the LPGA isn't among the most popular of spectator sports. Thus, I would guess that people who go to LPGA tournaments and watch them on tv are among the truest of golf fans.
I can only speak anecdotally. I have been to one LPGA tour event - that was the Chic-Fil-A when it was played south of Atlanta. A large number of the attendees were families with younger children who thought it was fantastic to be able to talk to and see professional athletes up close and personal.
As for the LPGA being tax exempt - I figured since several of the professional organizations are (i.e. NFL - I believe), they might be as well. I do not think nor do I believe this warrants legal action. I was just wondering if there could be legal action.
A-Tex Devil
08-29-2008, 04:25 PM
While I understand the initial backlash to this whole thing, I think once you sit back and understand the reasons behind the English speaking requirement, it actually does make some sense....
A former LPGA commissioner/chairman lives in Austin (I think his name is Jim Ritz), and was on the local morning show here a couple of days ago. He said the major reason for this is the ability to maintain and potentially grow fan base with the first one the most important with Annika retiring, etc.
To paraphrase this guy, one major reason for the new rule is keeping the money flowing into the leage -- when an LPGA event rolls into town, they have a charity pro am, fan events, etc. just like the PGA. People pony up big money to play in the pro ams and most of that money goes to local charities. Sponsors who give the players and the LPAGA money attend these and other events as well. How frustrating would it be for you as someone that paid good money to play with a professional golfer at a pro am to get paired with someone that doesn't speak any English? It's not xenophobia, it's hoping to get what one paid for -- a fun day of golf chatting up a professional. This has become a real problem at the pro ams which is very important to the continued success and future of the LPGA (according to this former commissioner of the LPGA).
Then at the end of the interview, he threw in this nugget -- there are 11 board members on the LPGA board and 6 of them are players. The players control the board, so it was the players that ultimately made this decision. Not sure this changes anyone's opinion on the situation, but thought it was interesting.
rasputin
08-29-2008, 04:58 PM
I can only speak anecdotally. I have been to one LPGA tour event - that was the Chic-Fil-A when it was played south of Atlanta. A large number of the attendees were families with younger children who thought it was fantastic to be able to talk to and see professional athletes up close and personal.
As for the LPGA being tax exempt - I figured since several of the professional organizations are (i.e. NFL - I believe), they might be as well. I do not think nor do I believe this warrants legal action. I was just wondering if there could be legal action.
I've been to a number of LPGA events, although not recently (the St. Louis tournament no longer exists), and I think the number of foreign players (especially Korean) has gone up a lot since then. At least when I was going to these events, the LPGA players were much, much more engaging with the fans than their PGA counterparts ever are. And I'm talking about during the tourney, not during practice rounds or pro-ams.
Dr. Rosenrosen
08-29-2008, 05:51 PM
I guess I don't understand why the LPGA had to do this publicly, create a stir and even open themselves (and frankly the US) to ridicule. It could have been handled quietly and with far great aplomb. It's just a stupid way of doing things. And as a number of writers have argued, the LPGA's problems aren't just about a language barrier. The tour has been struggling for some time... in fact, far longer than language has been an "issue."
Bluedog
09-05-2008, 12:13 AM
California Lawmaker questions LPGA Language policy (http://sports.yahoo.com/golf/pga/news?slug=ap-lpga-english&prov=ap&type=lgns)
The LPGA policy is “an absolute slap in the face of women, minorities, immigrants,” [CA State Senator] Yee said.
....
“I can only conclude this is borderline racist,” said Lieu, a Southern California Democrat who is chairman of the state’s 10-member Asian Pacific Islander Legislative Caucus. “It’d be like France requiring Lance Armstrong to pass a French test.”
DukieInKansas
09-05-2008, 12:31 AM
Not that it really makes a difference in the LPGA debate, but Lance Armstrong did learn French so that he could do interviews. Although he wasn't required to do so, he knew that it was a good idea because he was focusing his racing season on winning le Tour de France.
pfrduke
09-05-2008, 01:29 AM
Not that it really makes a difference in the LPGA debate, but Lance Armstrong did learn French so that he could do interviews. Although he wasn't required to do so, he knew that it was a good idea because he was focusing his racing season on winning le Tour de France.
And I commend him for it. Just like I commend any foreign athlete who makes the effort to learn English when they compete largely in the US. But I would have just as much of a problem with the Tour forcing its athletes to learn French as I do with the LPGA insisting that its athletes speak in English.
DukieInKansas
09-05-2008, 10:42 AM
And I commend him for it. Just like I commend any foreign athlete who makes the effort to learn English when they compete largely in the US. But I would have just as much of a problem with the Tour forcing its athletes to learn French as I do with the LPGA insisting that its athletes speak in English.
Hence my preface "not that it makes a difference in the LPGA debate". He basically learned it so that he could make the citizens of the country where he was "earning" most of his money more accepting of him. It seems that this is what the LPGA is hoping for but they are being too heavy handed in how they are going about it.
For what it is worth, most Koreans that I know/have known actually speak better English than they think they do. They tend to be shy about using it as they don't want to make a mistake. Giving them opportunities to practice conversational English is a good idea.
killerleft
09-05-2008, 10:57 AM
When maybe a third of the field doesn't speak English, I call that a major problem. Pro golfers, with the possible exception of NASCAR drivers, are expected to interact with sponsors more than any other sports figures, to my knowledge.
And LPGA fans certainly appreciate the familiarity they have with LPGA players. As noted by a previous poster, players are just more friendly than the PGA Tour guys.
Surely the LPGA looked at this for several years before making a decision that they KNEW would cause controversy. I have no evidence to suggest this, but I expect that they tried a less hardline approach with the Koreans (and other foreigners) to avoid this radical step.
I, for one, do not see the racism or arrogance that others are quick to fling like a spear at the LPGA.
It could be that the LPGA's very existence depends on having players who can communicate with the fans, sponsors, and media. In other words, don't kill the geese providing the golden eggs.
Bluedog
09-05-2008, 03:38 PM
http://www.golf.com/golf/tours_news/article/0,28136,1839072,00.html
"Under increasing criticism, the LPGA Tour on Friday backed off a proposed policy that would have suspended players who could not efficiently speak English.
LPGA Tour commissioner Carolyn Bivens said she would announce a revised plan by the end of the year, although it would not include penalties."
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